Tip 4 - We sit down in front of the TV and watch your Men and Women absolutely rip mogul
courses at the Olympic
Games and say, "I want to do
what they do". But since they train 4 hours a day in the gym, 5 hours a day
on the mountain 275 days a year, lets rethink. Hate to say it but age and fitness HAS TO BE CONSIDERED
when choosing your techniques for bump skiing. Any age/fitness person can run the local Nastar course over
and over again. Those same people won't even attempt
one run on a similar mogul run. Conventional thinking
says that the way you are suppose to ski a bump run is to ski the troughs between the moguls, that can be a
good strategy if you are in your 20's or 30's some 40's a just a few older folks. But not being the best approach
in most cases if you are in your 40's, 50's 60's
or older.
Here are a couple of reasons why: First
skiing the troughs are the third fastest route through the bumps, just behind
Skip
& Rip and the driving Zipper Line. It requires, strength, endurance, and very fast reflexes. The other, if your
mogul skiing is based upon power and fast reflexes, then you run into a huge problem. As the pitch of the hill increases
causing your reflexes to be even faster, relying on more power.
Tip 5 - With a plethora of obstacles to skiing better, one
bump in the road is surely starting your
turn
with a stem. (Pushing the tail of your ski uphill out to get a head start on making the turn.
This move creates a few problems, first puts in the back seat, with complete core unbalance. Second,
locks the leg your stemming with. Third, increases your chances of crossing your tips and fourth,
creates a straight line in your turn for a few feet. In which causes you to miss or be late on your
next turns until you blow out of your line.
Tip 6
Develop your "drifting" or Buttering of the mogul
skills. A great practice drill to develop your ability to ski with a soft edge is to select a spot about 30 feet in front
of you on groomed terrain and see how many turns you can make between where you are standing and the target. If you
carve your turns you will not be able to make as many turns as if you use a drifted/Buttered turn (the combination of a rotary
move, turning the feet, on a flatter ski in perfect balance). Hold a competition between you and your friends to see
who can make the most number of turns between any two points.
Drifting (a.k.a. a pivot slip) is a fabulous technique
for controlling your speed on any terrain, but it is particularly useful in moguls and powder. Other than balance, it is the
key to mogul skiing. Drifting or Buttering the side of the bump while gently turning ones feet, left to go left, right to
go right.
Tip 7
Carving is a very appropriate technique for skiing on groomed runs. But, to become a good
mogul or powder skier you want to do the opposite of carving - which is to learn how to ski with a soft edge (less of an edge
angle on your ski). When you ski with a soft edge, centrifugal force will cause your skis to "drift" (slip,
slide) to the outside of the turn. This lateral movement creates friction and you can use this friction to slow your
speed. Mastering changes in the edge angle of your skis on the snow is a valuable speed control technique. If
you use this technique, in combination with several of our other tips, it will enable you to ski moguls and powder without
the need for fast reflexes.
Tip 8
Conventional thinking says that the way you are supposed
to a ski mogul run is to ski the troughs between moguls. That can be a good strategy if you are in your 20's or 30's
but it is not the optimum approach if you are in your 40's, 50's or 60's. Here are two good reasons why:
First,
skiing through the troughs is the second fastest route through the moguls - just behind the Johnny Mosley "knees
pumping up to the ears like pistons" down the zipper line approach - and it requires lightening fast reflexes. Second,
if your mogul skiing is based upon a technique that requires fast reflexes then you run into an ever larger problem as the
pitch of the hill increases because your reflexes have to be ever faster.
Skiing the troughs is not a good strategy
if you are on the aging side of things with slowing reflexes.
Tip 9
Choosing the proper width of your stance is important when skiing
moguls and powder. When carving on groomed runs, the most functional stance is approximately a hip or shoulder width stance.
This facilitates tipping the skis to the maximum edge angles and prevents restricting your range of motion. Because groom
runs have a consistent surface there is no penalty for using a wide stance. Skiing on three dimensional terrain with variable
snow conditions present different
challenge than skiing on a prepared, consistent, smooth groomed run. To efficiently ski off-piste terrain a more narrow stance
will produce better results. Why? The closer your feet are together the greater the likelihood that both your right and left
ski will be on, or in, the same consistency of snow. If the snow consistency is the same for both skis the potential for becoming
out of balance is minimized For example, with a wide stance, if one foot is in a mogul trough and the other foot is on the
side of a mogul, that would result in an unbalanced position. Or, if one foot hits a heavy clump of powder and the other doesn't
then the one foot in heavy snow would likely slow down and spin you out of balance. Likewise, if one foot sinks in soft powder
and the other foot stays high then you also have an out of balance situation.The bottom line: the narrower your stance, the
better your chance of remaining centered and balanced when skiing moguls and powder.
Tip 10
This will be controversial, because it is not conventional thinking, but here we go. Determining the appropriate length of your skis has little
to do with your height and weight - unless your goal is to ski fast. If you are an aging Baby Boomer, selecting the
length of your skis should be a function of two things: your age and the number of days you ski each year. The older
you are and/or the fewer number of days you ski each season are all arguments for shorter skis. Now "short" is a
relative term. Skiers who used to ski on 210cm skis and who now ski on 180cm skis think they are on short skis. But,
when we say short, we mean short. If you are skiing in-bounds in a ski area, with today's ski technology, we find that
there is no penalty for skiing shorter skis. You gain much more maneuverability and because a shorter ski length typically
correlates with a smaller turn radius, a shorter ski spends less time in the fall line, which means that the skier is not
going as fast and, which, in turn, lowers anxiety. These are all desirable benefits if you are a Boomer skiing in moguls and
powder. Let's re-calibrate your thinking about ski length. For aging Boomers (age 50+) we are seeing great results
with mid-fat skis in a 150cm - 160cm length for men and 146cm - 150cm for women.
Tip 11
Don't underestimate the value of being in good physical shape before you get to your skiing destination.
If you have not tuned the muscles that you use when you ski, and you combine that with being at high altitude, you will be
at a disadvantage. I live at 9100 ft elevation year-round. But I still take an intensive 6 week
ski conditioning class every year before the mountain opens. It is 3 days per week with each session lasting 1.5 hours.
It's run by a woman who makes a career Marine drill sergeant look like a lightweight. We do cardio exercises, strengthen
our core, fine-tune our balance, increase leg strength and specifically work on muscles used for lateral moves because that
is much of what skiing is about. Take a ski conditioning class and ski strong. It will make a huge difference in your skiing
confidence, strength, and durability.
Tip 12
Often, the problem of speed control on groomed runs, or in moguls
or powder, trees, are a result of skiers not finishing their turns. Turning the skis up the hill. The more you turn them
up the hill the slower you go, hence the less you turn the skis up the hill, the faster you go. Gravity does the work, not
our muscles. It is actually a very simple problem - if you do not turn your skis across the fall line (so they are perpendicular,
or more - e.g. ski tips equal or higher than perpendicular) - then you will likely gain speed with each and every turn.
On average, if you don't finish your turns, you could potentially gain 1% - 3% in speed on every turn. Under that
premise, 5 turns down the hill you could be skiing 15% faster. The number one reason skiers blow out of their mogul line,
too much speed; we lose our balance, across the hill we go. This
ever increasing speed will ultimately lead to skier anxiety, and often to abrupt upper body movements in an attempt to slow
down. The problem is magnified if you are skiing mogul and powder terrain. So, make sure you finish your turns,
control your speed with every turn, make every turn perfect, the run is awesome
Tip 13
Did you know that your eyes have a lot to do with your skiing?
You ski to where your eyes are looking. If you are skiing in trees, look between the trees. If you look at a tree
the odds are that you will ski into the tree. Likewise, if you are skiing in moguls, look at the uphill flat tops of
the moguls where you want to finish your turn and where you want to start your next turn, rather than into the troughs.
If you stare at the troughs you will undoubtedly end up skiing in them ... and putting your reflexes to the test. Also look
down the run, we don’t look at the hood of our car when driving, we look down the road. Same with all skiing look down
the slope, look down your bump line. Before starting you run, look to the finish point and quickly work your way back to your
feet. Then pick your first 5 turns, focus and once started always look 5 moguls ahead. We are looking for fewer surprises,
action – reaction, cause and effect, looking ahead eliminates both.
Tip 14
9If you study mogul terrain, you realize that all moguls have flat tops (think of the flat top as a green
run, a place to be balanced enabling us to turn our feet). A place to finish our turns and start new ones. And a mogul run
consists on a series of flat tops, much like a staircase, which you can use to walk down the mountain. Even more to your advantage,
the tops of most moguls have piles of powder on them, which represent friction, which will slow you down. This is the place
you want to finish the turn gently up the hill and start the next turn by moving down the hill and turning the feet in balance. So lets recap: Flat green run mogul tops with
friction in the form of a staircase going down the hill. If you turn on the tops of the moguls, drift or butter with a soft
edge from one mogul top to the next, you can change the rules of the game. Your best strategy: turn on the mogul tops and
stay out of the troughs. By buttering the sides of the moguls. Use this strategy turning a black or double-black mogul and
powder run into a much more manageable, safe and fun experience.
Tip 15
When you are skiing on groomed runs use that time to practice skiing
moguls. Pick a clump of snow, two crossed ski lines in the snow or a windblown leaf sitting on the snow and pretend
that it is a "virtual" mogul. Drift to the location of the "virtual" mogul, make your turn and then
locate the next "virtual" mogul. It is a great way to keep from getting bored on the groomers and it will
greatly improve your Balance, turning of the feet and gently edge control skills. Also try picking a point in the snow down
the hill, or a tree, etc. the spot you are standing at is “A”, the point down the hill is “B”. Draw
an imaginary line connecting them. Then pick a corridor wide in which to ski, 10,15,20 feet. Your line is the cent of the
corridor, every time you cross it finish you turn and start your new turn, same as moguls.
Tip 16
Do you ever find yourself having to stop in order to regain speed
control after just 4 or 5 turns in a mogul run? If so, stop and look back at your ski tracks. If you see two sharp
parallel lines in the snow it means that you were carving or using a “Z” turn. And, if you were carving,
that is most likely the primary reason you ended up on the "edge of crazy". No hard edging or pushing of the hips
in the bumps, butter those bumps like a piece of toast and turn your feet. The reason speed increases is the radius of your
skis cannot make a turn sharp enough to go around a mogul on edge. Soften the edges, buttering the side of the bump, the skis
are able to make that short turn around the bumps. Carving promotes speed and it is the polar opposite technique that you
want to use in bumps. To maintain
speed control in moguls you want to have less of an edge angle and allow yourself to drift down the fall line. The bottom
line: looking back at your ski tracks will tell you whether you are carving or drifting.
Tip 17
In our Mogul Tip series we
talk a lot about the importance of a "drift" or "drifting" or buttering to control speed in the bumps.
So, what exactly is the definition of a drift?
A drift
occurs when you use a combination of rotation (steering the skis perpendicular or higher to the fall line with your feet)
and almost no edging (using less edge angle - which creates lateral movement - in order to create friction)
for the purpose of reducing, or better controlling speed. In general, the higher your tips are above the fall line and
the less edge angle you use, the slower your speed will be. This is probably the most effective way to control speed
in moguls because, when done properly (1) it allows you to control your speed without the need for fast reflexes and (2) because
the technique is independent of reflex speed it is equally effective regardless of the steepness of the mogul run allowing
you to stay in better core balance. A drift will produce the maximum in speed control when a greater percentage of your momentum
is moving laterally rather than moving forward. By definition, if 51% of your momentum is moving forward then you are
likely carving and we want to avoid carving. So, flatten your skis and/or steer your ski tips higher in the fall line
to make sure that 51% or more of your momentum is drifting laterally DOWN the fall line toward the location where you intend
to make your next turn. This gives you the ability to increase or decrease your speed just by making small and subtle
adjustments to your edge angles.
Tip 18
If you stand on the side of a ski run and watch skiers coming down
the hill you will notice that a large percentage of skiers have a ski lead . . . that is to say that the uphill ski is ahead
of (leads) the downhill ski as the skis cross the fall line. In
days of yesteryear when we used straight skis, this was a desirable technique because this ski lead causes the hips to be
countered so that the hips are facing more downhill than the direction of ski travel. This disparity between the hips and
the direction of ski travel aided ski rotation and helped the initiation of turns. Today's shaped skis are designed to
turn merely by tipping the skis on edge and riding the natural arc of the turn. Because of the ski design, less rotational
force is required to initiate each turn. Consequently, a lead change is not an essential element of a turn. In fact, on shaped
skis it is more desirable to have your hips more square to the direction of travel and your ski tips to be more equal throughout
the turn. A lead change creates two
problems that are undesirable in moguls and powder. First, it is an inherently less stable position to have the uphill ski
ahead of the downhill ski versus having your feet and skis side-by-side. Second, if your uphill ski is leading your downhill
ski, the act of stepping to, and balancing on the uphill ski requires a much larger physical move of the torso to get balanced
over the uphill ski. That extra movement makes it more difficult to keep a quiet upper body and to stay in balance. The bottom
line: If your feet are side-by-side the re-balance to the uphill ski can happen more quietly, with less chance of becoming
unbalanced.
Tip 19
Conventional wisdom says that that one should avoid skiing into clumps
of snow because you could catch and edge and/or get tripped up. However, clumps of snow represent friction and friction is
your friend because friction helps slow you down. I actively seek out clumps of snow and frequently use the clumps as
the location of where I make my next turn. If you carve at high speed into a clump of snow your feet will rapidly slow
down and you run the risk of having your torso continue at a high rate of speed - which will quickly result in you becoming
out of balance. However, if you ski into a clump of snow using soft edges (a low edge angle soft edges) you can quickly moderate
your edge angles to keep your center of mass over your feet and to stay centered and balanced. Also tighten your core
muscles upon hitting the clump. When you do that it helps you master the mountain. Seek clumps of snow out and use them
to control your speed and to give yourself an advantage.
Tip 20
Most skiers believe that you are always supposed to ski in a forward
direction. I spend a great deal of my time alternating between skiing forward, sideways and backward. The direction
you ski doesn't really matter as long as you remain in balance. By using a flatter ski (smaller edge angle on the
snow) I can drift sideways. Or I can point my ski tips high in the fall line which will cause me to ski backward.
Why would I do this? To control both my speed and direction in order to make a turn at a precise point in the snow.
This gives me a degree of precision that enables me to turn exactly wherever I desire in mogul or powder terrain. The only
direction you should always be moving is down the mountain, moving into every turn. Flow like water.
Tip 21
Do you prefer tired arms ... or tired legs? In order to stay
centered and Core balanced over your base of support (your feet) you need to keep both of your arms up,
elbows on front of the rib cage and quiet (free of excessive movement). Now flex your angels having your shin gently
touching the tongue of your boot with consistent light pressure. Connect you elbow and you angels with an imaginary metal
pole. You move your angels, your elbows follow and move the elbows the angels flex. If you don't, you
will likely sit back and your center of your core mass will be behind your feet also eliminating proper angles of the body.
In that back position the only thing you have to hold you upright is your quads and the tails of the skis and every muscle
in your body, tough to ski that way all day.
Tip 22
Most skiers incorrectly believe that they need substantial forward
momentum in order to initiate a turn. Not true. You can easily make a turn from a dead stop merely by flattening
your skis on the snow and by extending your legs and torso into the direction of the turn that you want to make. I like to
imagine and feel myself gently falling down the mountain into each turn over my inside (Left to go left, right to go right)
little toe, Knee and Core along with feeling the same Conner of my boots tongue on same side. When you
discover that you can make a turn without a lot of forward momentum, your anxiety drops, you become more relaxed and you will
make more patient turns - which facilitates your ability to stay in balance ... particularly in the bumps.
Tip 23
A major obstacle to better skiing occurs when a skier initiates a
turn with a stem (slides the tail of the uphill ski out to get a head start on making the turn or also known as bracing).
If you stem your turns you will forever be a terminal intermediate skier. And if you stem your turns in moguls and powder
it creates instability and a risk of crossing your ski tips. To
understand whether or not you’re stemming in your turns, at the beginning of your turn your legs will separate and skis
will form a wedge. To prevent stemming your turns, always begin each turn by pressuring, and balancing on, the uphill ski
prior to initiating any rotary movement to begin the turn. Simply turning the inside foot. Left to go Left, Right
to go Right, it is our natural move when it comes to turning while walking, running. Stemming or bracing will throw directly
into a wedge; put you very out of balance, late on every turn, creating speed in the moguls.
Tip 24
We previously mentioned how a narrow stance (this does not mean feet
together, this means as the corridor you are skiing gets narrower) improves balance in moguls and powder because of the greater
likelihood that both feet will be on the same consistency on the snow or 50/50 pressure on the snow. Another important
benefit of a narrower stance is that it makes it easier to turn the inside foot, and balance on, the uphill ski prior to initiating
a turn. If you have a wide stance,
it is much harder to turn the inside foot and it requires greater movement of the upper body. The wider your stance
the more your upper body mass needs to move to re-establish balance and the greater the chance you have of becoming un-centered
and out of balance. If you have a narrow stance, and both feet are directly underneath you, it is easier to re-balance
on the uphill ski with less upper body movement. The
bottom line: the quieter your upper body is, the better skier you will be. Action-Reaction, Cause and effect, we want to eliminate
the reaction and effects of upper body movement.
Tip 25
It takes a sequence of 5 events to make a balanced and well-controlled
turn. To better understand the events we are de-composing the sequence into discrete steps. However, don't take
this discreteness too literally because, in reality, the five steps will blend together.
(1) finish the
prior turn - typically this means that ski tips will need to be slightly up the hill slowing your speed sufficiently to the
point where you believe that you can make a patient, relaxed, unrushed turn. Don't initiate a new turn until you have
achieved this. In moguls this may mean that you need to substantially slow your speed before starting the next turn.
(2) Do not start the next turn if you are not centered and re-balanced. The majority of your weight (70+%) should
now be on the uphill ski.
(3) Extend (legs extend tall) and at the same time - keeping your
balance and weight on the uphill ski - move your torso down the hill in the direction of the new turn over the little toe,
while starting to turn your feet in the direction of that new turn.
(4) Wait and let gravity initiate the turn.
Gently turn the inside foot Do not force the turn. Maintain the same pressure throughout the entire turn Keep your upper body,
arms and hands quiet, elbows gently in front of the ribs.
Tip 26
Learning to ski moguls and or the whole mountain can
be intimidating. When you are learning to ski either, minimize the number of simultaneous "yikes" factors
- those things which raise your anxiety level. Your own personal "yikes" factors might include: flat light,
ice, an overly steep run, whiteout conditions, wind, poor visibility, crowds of skiers, etc. You will learn faster if you
are not distracted by these conditions. Example: don't try and ski a steeper run on a flat light day or don't
practice new skills on a high traffic, high speed run. Make sure you reduce the number of anxiety factors when you are
trying to learn new skills or when you are trying to step outside of your comfort zone. Stay Balanced!
Tip 27
We hear a lot in skiing about the concept of "weight
transfer". We don't like this term. You will find yourself becoming a much more effective skier if you replace
the words "weight transfer" with "core balance transfer". Skiing is not about transferring weight.
Skiing is a balance sport and what you really want to do is transfer your balance. If you think good balance is important
on groomed runs, good balance is MUCH more important in 3 dimensional terrain where you find moguls, powder and the back bowls.
Think "Core balance" transfer rather than "weight" transfer and you will become a better skier on the
entire mountain.
Tip 28
When skiing moguls you must try extra hard to avoid
having high edge angles. Why? The radius of the ski on a high edge angle simply can’t complete a turn small enough
to go around even the largest moguls. Most all mountain skis turning radius range between 14 – 18 meters or 65 feet,
most moguls are 6-10 feet long. A soft edge angle allows the ski to butter or drift around the mogul by turning the feet.
If you are balanced throughout the entire turn on a mogul your edge angle is appropriate throughout the turn.
Tip 29
Pick A Focus. Good skiing requires good underlying skiing fundamentals.
And, the best way to develop good fundamentals is to periodically work on improving or fine-tuning your basic skiing skills.
( Balance, Turning feet, Tipping feet, Pressure). On the first couple of runs each day it is a good idea to start out by focusing
on one or more key skills. Always start with Balance, along with what are your feet doing related to Pressure on the
snow. Then turning the inside foot, then finally tipping the same foot
Tip 30 Do you know where your hands
are? We regularly observe that a large percentage of
skiers ski with their hands close to their hips. This has a negative effect on your skiing and will result in an out-of-balance
condition. Our goal is always be balanced and ski on our skeleton. Not muscles and tendons. If you ski with your hands on, or near, your hips it has a tendency to put your balance point on your heels
... or even farther back - an undesirable condition know as being "in the back seat". If you are "in
the back seat" you may be upright but, most likely, your calf's will be leaning against the back of your boot cuffs
and you will be out-of-balance. And, skiing in an out-of-balance
position is not a good strategy for remaining upright when skiing moguls - or on any other terrain, for that matter. To avoid this problem, make sure that your elbows are slightly in
front of your ribs, hands and arms in comfortable spot, extended in front of you at all times. The rule of thumb: elbows in
front of ribs and hands wider than elbows. At all times. Create the balance needed to be an athletic skier.
Tip 31
One problem that many mogul skiers experience is getting caught in
the "back seat" (e.g. being too far back on their skis). This causes two problems: (1) It becomes difficult
to initiate turns. And (2) your quads burn because they are forced to support most of your body weight. And, that is a highway
to fatigue. Here is a good mogul skiing
tip for staying out of the "back seat". This simple technique will enable you to initiate turns easier and avoid
tired legs. Hold your ski poles in front
of you and roll both hands so that your knuckles are facing down towards the snow. This will move you forward and put pressure
on the balls of your feet. That will make it easier to initiate turns and your skeleton, rather than your quads, will be supporting
your body weight. Try this technique the next time you are trying to master the moguls ... or skiing on any terrain, for that
matter.
Tip 32
There has been a huge emphasis on carving in the ski industry over
the past 15 years. However, good skiers don't carve all the time. In fact, skiers who carve all the time are very one-dimensional
and find that carving limits their skiing experience to groomed runs. Really good skiers use a wide range of edge angles
appropriate for what they are trying to do. They learn to use the full range of edge angles from a very high edge angle
(carve) to a very low edge angle (flat ski). That makes for a much more versatile skier. Remember, (1) carving originated as a racing technique designed to
increase speed and (2) racers race on flat snow surfaces. Since carving increases your speed it is probably not a good idea
to use this technique in the bumps. To become a better all-around skier learn to ski using the full range of edge angles that
you have available to you. Practice your drifting/Buttering (low edge angle) skills. Terrain dictates the use of edge
angle. As the terrain changes, so does your edge angles. Different tactics for different terrain. Never ski everything the
same way.
Tip 33
Do you find it hard to ski and does your anxiety go up when you are
skiing in flat light? Or in heavy snow? Or in white-out blizzard conditions? If so, consider this tip: ski next
to trees and avoid wide open treeless spaces. When you ski adjacent to groupings of trees the trees actually create shadow
detail on the snow which improves your visibility in all hard-to-see conditions
Tip 34
An amazingly large number
of skiers think that the way you are supposed to a ski mogul run is to ski the troughs between moguls. That can be a good
strategy if you are in your 20's or 30's but it is not the optimum approach if you are in your 40's, 50's
or 60's. Here are two good reasons why: First, skiing through the
troughs is the second fastest route through the moguls - just behind the Johnny Mosley "knees pumping up to the
ears like pistons" down the zipper line approach - and it requires lightening fast reflexes. Second, if you use a technique
that requires fast reflexes you run into an ever larger problem as the pitch of the hill increases because your reflexes have
to be ever faster. Skiing the troughs is not a good strategy if you
are an aging senior skier with slowing reflexes. Try around the moguls or Bank turns
Tip 35Let's summarize and reiterate
a few key concepts important to great skiing.
Ski with your Eyes Hands and feet…
Eyes - because you will ski to where you are looking.
Hands - keep them forward to keep you centered and
out of the back seat.
Feet - because small subtle movements
initiated by your feet produce big results without the need for unnecessary upper body movements that usually do nothing more
than throw you out of balance.
Tip 36
Unthink ... and just turn. When skiing moguls or powder there is often a tendency to get too
analytical. Too much thinking can get in the way of a successful run. Sometimes you just need to turn ... and turn again ...
and let things flow. When in doubt ... turn. As long as you turn your skis across the hill and drift to slow down, you will
be fine. You might be amazed at how well this works. Just think about skiing in that desired corridor. Don’t shop around
and turn on the moguls in front of you.
Tip 37
Perpendicularity (as applied to skiing):
a desirable condition where you remain perpendicular to your skis. Why is this important?
When you initiate a turn, your skis accelerate as they move into
the fall line. If you do not anticipate this increase in speed then you will likely get caught in the "back seat"
and on your heels ... which is obviously not a balanced position. Been there? Done that? To avoid this problem, and to stay centered over - e.g. perpendicular to - your feet and skis while they
accelerate - you need to anticipate the acceleration by making a commitment to the new turn.
What is commitment? It is moving your hips, torso and hands in
the direction of the new turn at turn initiation. All these body parts need to be in front of your feet so that when the skis
accelerate you can remain centered over both your feet and skis and don't get tossed into the "back seat".
As you can imagine, making a commitment to
the new turn is even more important in moguls than it is on groomed runs because of the 3-dimensional terrain. So, commit
... then drift ... to maintain balance and control in the bumps.
Tip 38
As we previously discussed, it is essential to make a commitment
to each new turn with your hips, torso and hands at turn initiation if you want to stay balanced over your feet throughout
the turn. The commit move is triggered by a leg extension. But, the goal is not to extend up vertically, but rather
across the hill in the direction of the new turn.
How do you do that? Try extending only the uphill leg rather than extending both legs simultaneously. When
you extend both legs your movement tends to be vertical and not in the direction of the new turn. When you extend only
the uphill leg your movement tends to be more horizontal in the direction of the new turn.
After you extend your uphill leg, and as you enter and cross
the fall line, keep the previously uphill (now outside or downhill leg) extended - flexing at the ankle to absorb pressure
- and soften your inside leg. When it is time to make your next turn, extend the uphill leg and repeat the pattern. Think of this movement pattern as pedaling, as if you were riding a bike. Each leg alternates from
being the long leg to becoming the short leg. This movement pattern will help you make a commitment to your turns. Once you’ve
master the above, start thinking about both thighs moving together in the same direction of the extension above.
Tip 39
The commit move at turn initiation - created by
extension of the uphill leg - should be forward and "into the future' ... e.g. into the direction of the new turn.
However, when you are initially learning to do this, it can be challenging to overcome the anxiety of "throwing"
yourself down the hill in front of your feet. One additional technique to help make the commit move go in the direction of the new turn, instead of a vertical move
up, is to imagine that you are skiing in a room with a low ceiling and you want to avoid bumping your head. By being cognizant
of a low ceiling your movements will be less vertical and more in the direction of the new turn.
Tip 40
Beware - Moguls Create High Edge Angles.
Have
you ever wondered why you tend to rocket out of control when skiing bumps? Here is one possible explanation.
Mogul terrain
naturally creates high edge angles between your skis and the snow. This high edge angle causes your skis to carve. And, carving
produce speed - which is your enemy in the bumps - unless you are young and possess lightening-fast reflexes.
Merely standing vertically with their skis on
the face of a mogul - making no attempt to create an edge angle on the snow - just naturally creates high edge angles without
even trying.
If you don't consciously and intentionally reduce your edge angles when skiing moguls then you run the risk of
carving in the bumps - which is like stepping on the accelerator pedal while driving on a bumpy road. And this combination
of speed from carving, coupled with the 3-dimensional mogul terrain, will likely increase your anxiety and challenge
your reflex speed.
The way to avoid this problem, and to better control your speed when skiing moguls, is to intentionally
use a lower edge angle on your skis by drifting your turns rather than carving your turns. Butter your turns, soft edges
or drift through the turn.
If you don't consciously and intentionally reduce your edge angles when skiing moguls then you run
the risk of carving in the bumps - which is like stepping on the accelerator pedal while driving on a bumpy road. And this
combination of speed from carving, coupled with the 3-dimensional mogul terrain, will likely increase your anxiety and
challenge your reflex speed.
The way to avoid this problem, and to better control your speed when skiing moguls, is to
intentionally use a lower edge angle on your skis by drifting your turns rather than carving your turns. Butter your
turns, soft edges or drift through the turn.
Tip 41
If you want to confidently ski moguls or powder it is essential to
know how to control your speed. Do you know the two primary ways to keep your speed under control?
First, learn to complete
- or finish - your turns. That is, continue to progressively turn your skis perpendicular, or more, across the fall
line until you decelerate. The faster you turn or steer your skis and the higher (relative to the fall line) you steer your
skis the slower you will ski.
Second, soften, or lessen, the edge angle between the skis and the snow so that you create
lateral slippage while turning. This lateral slippage creates friction which slows you down. Think about spreading peanut
butter when you look back at your tracks in the snow.
The combination of these two factors - finishing your turns and
softening your edges - will enable you to control your speed on any terrain.
Tip 42
The width of the corridor you elect to ski within a mogul run is
an important factor that influences your speed. If you ski a narrow corridor - e.g. only one or two moguls wide - your
skis will spend more time in the fall line and therefore you will ski faster. If you ski a wide corridor - e.g. four
to six moguls wide - your skis will spend more time out of the fall line and therefore you will ski a slower route. How
you decide on the width of the corridor you will ski should be determined by a number of factors including: the steepness
of the mogul run, the size and shape of the moguls, the snow conditions, flatness of light, overall visibility level, your
skiing ability, your physical condition, your confidence level at the moment, your age, your history of injuries, your current
fatigue level, etc. The bottom line: before you ski a mogul run, think about the width of the corridor you intend to ski in
... because it has consequences that will impact your skiing speed and resulting anxiety level. Skiing with in a chosen corridor
also allows you to focus on the moguls directly in your line. Stay in this corridor, don’t shop for bumps to turn on,
commit to your line, takes a lot of confusing out of the game.
Tip 43
The "Big Gulp" often occurs when you
stand at the top of a mogul run and look at a series of ugly, deep troughs in front of you. But, it's a bad idea to stare
at the troughs for a number of reasons.
First, it will likely raise your anxiety level.
Second, but most important, since you will always ski to where your eyes are looking - by focusing on the
troughs - you are almost guaranteed to ski into them. And, that is exactly where you don't want to be unless your goal
is to make a very aggressive high speed line through the bumps. Instead, focus your eyes on the sides of the moguls above
the troughs and you will find it much easier to navigate a bump run with good speed control.
Tip 44
Think tall and taller.
Stand up!
Many skiers tend to crouch
either at the beginning of their turn (out of anxiety and the belief that it is safer to be lower and closer to the snow)
... or at the end of a turn (from a perception that they are supposed to bend their knees and sink down to absorb centrifugal
and gravitational forces) ... or both. However, crouching results in your skis going on edge (e.g. carving) and/or you going
into the back seat. Neither are desired results, particularly in the bumps.
Instead of crouching, or bending your knees, think tall
and taller (you may find this concept easier to remember by thinking of the movie Dumb and Dumber - which, as a matter of historical note - was partially filmed in Aspen).
Here is what we mean by tall
and taller.
First,
when finishing a turn you should keep your outside/downhill leg long (or tall) and absorb centrifugal and gravitational pressure
by flexing at the ankles instead of crouching and bending your knees.
Second, to initiate your next turn extend your uphill/inside leg so that, conceptually, you become taller.
Why?
When you finish a turn - and your skis are perpendicular to the fall line - your downhill/outside leg will
be longer (taller) than your uphill/inside leg. Given the slope of the hill there will be a longer distance between your hip
and your downhill/outside foot as compared with the shorter distance between your hip and your uphill/inside foot.
To initiate a turn, the most efficient movement
pattern is to extend your uphill leg (e.g. make it taller) while simultaneously moving your hips in the direction of the next
turn.
So, don't think about
crouching (becoming shorter by bending your knees). Think the opposite. Think only about always becoming ever taller.
Do this by, first, not bending your downhill/outside
knee to crouch down, And, second, by extending your shorter uphill/inside leg to become tall when you initiate your next turn.
Skiing tall
and taller is a much more efficient way to ski, it will help keep you out of the back seat, it will make it easier
for you to drift and it will keep you in balance.
Think tall
and taller. Stand up!
Many skiers
tend to crouch either at the beginning of their turn (out of anxiety and the belief that it is safer to be lower and closer
to the snow) ... or at the end of a turn (from a perception that they are supposed to bend their knees and sink down to absorb
centrifugal and gravitational forces) ... or both. However, crouching results in your skis going on edge (e.g. carving) and/or
you going into the back seat. Neither are desired results, particularly in the bumps.
Instead of crouching, or bending your knees, think tall
and taller (you may find this concept easier to remember by thinking of the movie Dumb and Dumber - which, as a matter of historical note - was partially filmed in Aspen).
Here is what we mean by tall
and taller.
First,
when finishing a turn you should keep your outside/downhill leg long (or tall) and absorb centrifugal and gravitational pressure
by flexing at the ankles instead of crouching and bending your knees.
Second, to initiate your next turn extend your uphill/inside leg so that, conceptually, you become taller.
Why?
When you finish a turn - and your skis are perpendicular to the fall line - your downhill/outside leg will
be longer (taller) than your uphill/inside leg. Given the slope of the hill there will be a longer distance between your hip
and your downhill/outside foot as compared with the shorter distance between your hip and your uphill/inside foot.
To initiate a turn, the most efficient movement
pattern is to extend your uphill leg (e.g. make it taller) while simultaneously moving your hips in the direction of the next
turn.
So, don't think about
crouching (becoming shorter by bending your knees). Think the opposite. Think only about always becoming ever taller.
Do this by, first, not bending your downhill/outside
knee to crouch down, And, second, by extending your shorter uphill/inside leg to become tall when you initiate your next turn.
Skiing tall
and taller is a much more efficient way to ski, it will help keep you out of the back seat, it will make it easier
for you to drift and it will keep you in balance.
Tip 45
When You Turn ... Don't Turn
When you initiate your turns are you thinking about turning? I'm not. Frequently
when you are concerned about making a turn happen you often overpower your turn initiation and/or turn too quickly. This will
have two undesirable consequences.
First, the
quick moves will challenge your balance. Always soft, patient turns, I try not to hurt the snow with my skis.
Second, the faster your turn your skis across the hill the more likely
you are to end up with high edge angles (which promote speed). And will compromise your balance.
Neither of these consequences are helpful when skiing moguls.
Your goal should
be to make a passive and progressive entry into the turn. This will make it easier to stay in balance and easier to ski on
a flatter ski (less edge angle). Both of these benefits will help you stay in control in the bumps.
One easy way to make a is to not think about turning. Just extend your uphill leg and move your hips
in the direction of the new turn. The key is to then be patient and wait for gravity to initiate the turn. Your extension
and simultaneous hip movement will result in the skis releasing their uphill edges and going flat to the snow. As soon as
the skis are flat they will begin to turn. Guaranteed.
Think extend,
move the hips, relax and patiently wait for the turn to develop.
The bottom
line: when you turn, don't turn. Just wait ... and you will make a progressive and passive entry into the turn.
Tip 46
When you find yourself skiing too fast - and thinking "YIKES!"
- is your first thought to quickly make a turn in order to slow yourself down? If so, you may want to reconsider this immediate
life-saving reaction.
Why?
Because when you initiate a new turn your skis will enter the fall line and will initially accelerate.
Net result: your speed will increase.
Your best strategy, if skiing too fast for your comfort level, is not to make a
new turn but rather to do the opposite by progressively steering your skis up the hill until you decelerate and slow down.
Wait until you have slowed down before you make a new turn.
You will find this tip to be particularly valuable when skiing
in 3-dimensional mogul and powder terrain.
Tip 47
Every mogul run is different. Your skiing experience on any given
mogul run will vary by the size of the moguls, the shape of the moguls, the distance between moguls, the size of
the troughs, the overall steepness of the mogul run, the amount of snow on the moguls, the hardness or softness of the snow,
the direction the mogul run faces (North, South, East or West), the weather conditions (sunny or cloud cover) and the time
of day you ski the mogul run as it relates to the position of the sun. Because of these factors you will be more successful
in skiing a mogul run if you feel out the mogul run - and get a sense of both the speed and rhythm that is most appropriate
for the current mogul run terrain conditions - before you just jump in and start skiing.
The best way to do that is to start each mogul run by slowly drifting the first few turns. This will
enable you to get a quick reading of the conditions and then dial in your pace (speed) and optimum tactics (green line, blue
line, black line).
The bottom line: since every mogul run is different you will
have more success if you first assess, and then adjust, your skiing approach to the current conditions on each mogul run.
The D.I.R.T. model says it all in Mogul skiing: Duration, Intensity, Rate, Timing of your turn and the
skiing you are doing, remember the terrain dictates your DIRT!
Tip 48
The more you understand the many different options
you have to manage your speed the easier it becomes to ski a mogul run in control.
Another useful tactic that you can use to control speed is corridor
width. If you ski in a narrow corridor your skis will spend more time in the fall line so that will be a faster
line. Correspondingly, if you ski in a wider corridor your skis will spend less time in the fall line so your speed will be
slower.
Practice
skiing a wider corridor my making a turn and then continuing to drift with your skis perpendicular to the fall line across
3 moguls before making your next turn. Vary the number of moguls you drift across and see the effect on your speed and your
control.
When
skiing a mogul run you can mix and match the width of the corridor that you ski.
Bottom Line: corridor width is another variable that you can use to control your speed.
Tip 49
As you've read in many of our tips, the BumpBusters program focuses
on teaching you balance and control while skiing. Those same concepts apply to your fitness program. If you don't have
good balance and control in a gym, it will really show up once you get on unstable three dimensional terrain.
Doing
a simple daily warm-up routine before you hit the slopes will get your body warmed up and ready to ski. Something as simple
as a hip circle exercise activates the synovial fluid in your hip joints, lubricating the joints and getting them ready to
fire when you are stepping and turning down a mogul field. The same concept applies to your back to protect your discs. And
a few simple balance exercises will pay off on the mountain when you encounter unexpected clumps of snow. Invest in doing everything you can to get your body ready for a great
ski season.
Tip 50
Many mogul skiing lessons
emphasize that mastering "flexion", "extension" and "absorption" movements are an essential
prerequisite to good mogul skiing. While basic "flexion", "extension" and "absorption" movements
are obviously necessary for skiing on any terrain we do not share the opinion that your ability to master these skills is
the major determining factor in your ability to ski the bumps.
Why? The answer is that "flexion", "extension"
and "absorption" movements become more important the faster and more aggressively you ski a mogul run. Conversely,
"flexion", "extension" and "absorption" movements become less important the slower and less
aggressively you ski a mogul run. BumpBusters techniques enable you to maintain a balanced, centered stance and avoid being
launched (the goal of "flexion", "extension" and "absorption" movements) by using proper routes
and wider skiing corridors in combination with less edge angle (drifting) to maintain speed control.
Tip 51
Proper hand position is extremely important to maintaining a centered
and balanced stance when you ski either groomed runs or bumps. That is why we have covered this topic several times
in our tips. In previous tips we have discussed the importance of (1) hands wider than elbows and elbows in front of
your rib cage and (2) rolling your knuckles toward the snow as two techniques to keep you from skiing in the "back seat". In this tip we introduce another key technique
to facilitate a centered stance. And that is to check whether or not you can see both of your hands in your peripheral vision
at all times when skiing. If the answer is yes then the odds are that your hands are forward, at the right height and not
contributing to your center of mass being in the "back seat". The next time you are out on the slopes make a few runs and test yourself to see if you can see both hands
in your peripheral vision while skiing. It is an important prerequisite to staying centered while skiing 3-dimensional mogul
and powder terrain.
Tip 52
When you are standing at the top of a mogul run it is not unusual
to experience increased anxiety as you begin to think about starting your run. That nervousness, however, often causes you
to begin your mogul run by rushing your turns and skiing fast. If
you start out too fast then your run will be rushed, it will be more difficult to maintain your balance and you will most
likely end up muscling your way down the run and relying on your reflex speed to maintain control. It is important to keep in mind that the first two or three turns
of a mogul run will set the pace for the entire run. So, begin your mogul run slowly, think about making relaxed and slow
turns and concentrate on developing a fluid and controlled pace. You'll have more fun and it will be less fatiguing. Take
a quick look at your run from bottom up to your feet. Then look down and memorize the first 3-5 turns, set yourself up for
success, get into your flow early.